The Monastery of Saint-Paul-de-Mausole is an XI century Provençal Romanesque monastery located in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence in Provence. A masterpiece of Provençal Romanesque art dedicated to Saint Paul de Mausole, is famous for having hosted and inspired the Dutch painter Vincent Van Gogh (1853-1890) who stayed there for a year in 1889-1890 to paint a major part of his work.

The monastery owes its name to the proximity of the mausoleum of Glanum, which together with the triumphal arch of Glanum forms a set of remains of the ancient Gallo-Roman city of Glanum which is traditionally called the "Antiques of Saint-Rémy-de-Provence".

According to Christian mythology, Saint Paulus de Mausolus (a Christian of this place) was working the land with his oxen when Christian emissaries from the diocese of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux offered him the opportunity to succeed the local bishop who had recently died. Paulus then replied that he would accept when the stick he used to direct his oxen, and which he then planted in the ground, grew. The stick would then have bloomed.